Utilization of Jute waste into polybutylene succinate-based biocomposites and analysis of mechanical properties and biodegradability

Abstract

A polybutylene succinate (PBS) composite reinforced with natural jute (Corchorus olitorius) fibres (20-50 micrometers) was investigated for its mechanical properties and biodegradability. This study aims to investigate the effects of fibre additions and size variations on composite performance and environmental sustainability. Results indicate that incorporating natural jute fibres into the PBS matrix leads to non-significant decreases in melt flow index, tensile strength, and impact energy, while significantly enhancing density, water absorption, and biodegradability. Further analysis of fibre sizes revealed that increasing fibre size (from 50 to 80 micrometers) results in a non-significant decrease in melt flow index, tensile strength, density, and impact energy, but significantly increases water absorption and biodegradation rates. These findings suggest that while the addition of natural fibres compromises mechanical properties, it significantly improves the environmental attributes of the composites like water absorption and biodegradation (p<0.05). Fibres with a smaller diameter are preferable for maintaining mechanical integrity, while fibres with a larger diameter enhance biodegradability. The paper provides valuable insights into the development of a biocomposite material that balances mechanical performance with environmental sustainability.