Analysis of NH₃ Distribution and Community Perception of Odor in the Antang Landfill Area, Makassar City

Abstract

This study analyzes ammonia (NH₃) concentrations, spatial distribution, and community perception of odor around the Antang Landfill (TPA Antang), Makassar City. NH₃ measurements were conducted using the impinger method at five sampling points based on distance and dominant wind direction, with spatial visualization using IDW interpolation in ArcGIS. Community perception was assessed through questionnaires administered to 100 respondents living within a radius of 20–1000 m from the landfill. Results show that the highest NH₃ concentration occurred at Point 3 (landfill area), reaching 5.885 ppm at night, exceeding the national ambient air quality standard of 2 ppm. Spatial distribution indicated dominant dispersion from southeast to northwest, consistent with prevailing wind direction. Approximately 67% of respondents reported odor disturbance, and 63% experienced health symptoms such as headaches, nausea, and shortness of breath. The findings highlight the urgent need for improved landfill management and odor control strategies.