Investigating Consumer Perceptions and Mapping E-waste Stakeholders - Evidence from Chh. Sambhajinagar City, Maharashtra

Abstract

Electronic waste (e-waste) comprises discarded electrical and electronic equipment, either in whole or in parts, and has emerged as a major environmental challenge due to the rapidly decreasing lifespan of electronic products. Globally, e-waste generation reached nearly 60 million metric tonnes in 2023, with China, the United States, and India being the leading contributors, while recycling rates remain critically low. In India, Maharashtra ranks among the highest e-waste-generating states, with cities such as Mumbai, Pune, Nagpur, and Chhatrapati Sambhajinagar contributing significantly. Consumer perception and awareness remain key factors influencing the effectiveness of e-waste management systems. In the present study, consumer awareness, perception, and disposal practices related to e-waste management were assessed among residents of Chhatrapati Sambhajinagar city, Maharashtra. A cross-sectional survey was conducted using a structured questionnaire administered to 620 respondents representing students, households, shopkeepers, industry personnel, and street vendors. The findings reveal a moderate level of awareness, with 60% of respondents aware of the concept of e-waste, 27% partially aware, and 13% unaware. Statistical analysis using the chi-square test indicated a significant association (p < 0.05) between awareness level and e-waste disposal practices, suggesting that awareness influences disposal behaviour. Correlation analysis further showed a positive relationship between awareness and perceived environmental and health risks, although this awareness did not consistently translate into environmentally sound disposal practices. The study highlights that despite moderate awareness, improper disposal of e-waste remains prevalent due to limited knowledge of formal collection systems and inadequate infrastructure. Awareness alone is therefore insufficient to ensure sustainable e-waste management unless supported by accessible collection facilities, incentive-based mechanisms, and effective enforcement of regulatory frameworks. Enhanced stakeholder awareness combined with strengthened formal recycling systems can play a crucial role in improving e-waste recycling and processing outcomes in rapidly urbanizing cities such as Chhatrapati Sambhajinagar.