Exploring Policy Interactions: A System Dynamics Study on Sustainable Household Waste Management in Rural Municipality

Abstract

This study explores the impact of various waste management policies on household waste reduction in a rural municipality using a System Dynamics (SD) approach. It evaluates the effectiveness of three key policies: a ban on household waste burning, implementing recycling and composting programs, and creating a municipal recycling center. The model simulates different policy scenarios to assess their effects on waste accumulation, landfill deposits, carbon emissions, and economic incentives for households. Findings reveal that banning household waste burning significantly reduces carbon emissions; however, it increases landfill deposits, stressing the need for a balancing waste diversion strategy. Implementing recycling and composting policies efficiently reduces landfill waste and emissions while generating financial benefits for households. Among the policy scenarios, creating a municipal recycling center is the most effective, leading to higher waste recovery rates, reduced landfill dependency, increased employment opportunities, and substantial household revenue generation. The findings provide valuable insights for policymakers in designing sustainable waste management strategies that balance environmental, economic, and social considerations. The study highlights the importance of integrating policy implementation, community participation, and infrastructure investment to sustain long-term waste management in rural areas.