Biopolymers production strategies and its usage as clean material for environmental remediation

Abstract

In the modern world, biopolymers play a vital role by competing with non-biodegradable synthetic polymers with unique advantages like eco-friendliness and highly biodegradable nature; moreover, they can be biosynthesized from various bioresources. In addition to that, it possesses unique market potential due to the vast area of biopolymer applications. Biopolymers are ubiquitous and abundant in multiple sources, such as microbial and animal origin, and most are obtained from agricultural wastes. Lignocellulosic-based agricultural residues attract the market from agricultural wastes due to their substantial global production (Rai et al. 2021). Biopolymers are defined as large molecules synthesized by microbial, plant, and animal cells and composed of highly repeatable chemical repeating units. Fig. 1 shows various natural sources of biopolymers with examples.