Assessing Coastal Industrial Pollution and Climate Change Impacts through Integrated Modeling for Sustainable Management in Hai Phong, Vietnam

Abstract

The rapid development of industries, agriculture, and urbanization has led to an increase in the amount of pollutants released into the soil, water, and air, affecting ecosystems and public health. This study assesses the impact of environmental pollution in the coastal areas of Hai Phong, Vietnam, under the influence of climate change and proposes adaptation solutions to ensure sustainable development. The research utilizes the MIKE 21 modeling system (SW, FM, Ecolab) to simulate wave propagation, hydrodynamics, and the dispersion of pollutants (DO, BOD₅, COD, TSS, Fe, and Coliform) in the study area's ecosystem. The highlight results of the study are (1) Calibration and validation of wave, hydrodynamic, and water quality models to determine appropriate parameter sets; (2) Assessing the impact of pollutants from major coastal industrial zones in Hai Phong under climate change scenarios; (3) Developing an environmental pollution risk zoning map to identify high-risk areas and propose adaptation solutions to ensure the sustainable development of the study area’s ecosystem. Our findings provide crucial information for effectively managing coastal ecosystem pollution, mitigating the impacts of climate change, and promoting sustainable development in Hai Phong’s coastal region.