Green micellar extraction of phenol from wastewater using eco- friendly hydrophilic deep eutectic solvents
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.46488/Keywords:
Aquoline, Deep Eutectic Solvent, Green extraction, Micelle assisted phenol removal.Abstract
Phenol, an extremely toxic wastewater pollutant, adversely affects animals, plants and aquatic life. Its accumulation in aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems affects nutrient recycling and their long-term stability. Industrial wastewaters constitute major source of phenol and its removal is major concern of researchers and governments across world.
In the current research work, green extraction of phenol from model industrial wastewater was studied by using aquoline, a new type of eco-friendly deep eutectic solvents (DES),prepared from choline chloride as H-bond receiver and water as H-bond contributor. Separation of phenol from wastewater is facilitated by micelles formed in aquoline due to CTAB surfactant.
The prepared DES was characterized by UV, FTIR and NMR spectroscopy. The extraction operation was optimized by changing initial phenol concentration, CTAB concentration, mole ratio of wastewater sample to solvent and pH to obtain maximum extraction efficiency. Maximum phenol extraction of efficiency of 93.27 % was obtained with aquoline DES + CTAB under optimized conditions ( Initial phenol concentration = 5000 ppm, temperature = 28 0C, pH =10, CTAB concentration = 0.9 mM/L, volume ratio of wastewater to solvent = 10) . The recovered solvent was reused multiple times after removal of phenol. FTIR studies on recovered solvent showed no change in its structure. This is first research to use hydrophilic deep eutectic solvent in extraction of phenol from wastewater. The research will pave way for use of new type of eco-friendly solvents while adhering to principles of green chemistry.
